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Malate dehydrogenase is widely present in animals, plants, microorganisms, and cultured cells. Based on the coenzyme required, it can be divided into NAD-MDH and NADP-MDH, with the former mainly existing in mitochondria and the cytosol, and the latter in some microorganisms and plant chloroplasts. Malate dehydrogenase is closely related to multiple physiological metabolic pathways: mitochondrial energy metabolism, malate-aspartate shuttle system, reactive oxygen species metabolism, and disease resistance. NAD-MDH (EC 1.1.1.37) catalyzes the reduction of oxaloacetate by NADH to produce malate, causing a decrease in light absorption of NADH at 340nm. The enzyme activity of NAD-MDH can be calculated through the rate of decrease in light absorption at 340nm.
