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Triglycerides (TG) are fat molecules formed by three molecules of long-chain fatty acids and glycerol. They are not only a major component of cell membranes but also an important respiratory substrate. Triglycerides (TG) are hydrolyzed by lipoprotein lipase into glycerol and free fatty acids. Glycerol is then catalyzed by glycerol kinase (GK) to form glycerol-1-phosphate (G-1-P). G-1-P is oxidized by glycerol phosphate oxidase (GPO) to generate hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), which reacts with 4-aminoantipyrine to form a red quinone compound with a characteristic absorption peak at 510nm. By measuring the absorbance at 510nm, the TG content can be determined.
