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Pyruvate orthophosphate dikinase (PPDK, EC 2.7.9.1) is a key regulatory enzyme in the C4 pathway and Crassulacean Acid Metabolism (CAM) plants, catalyzing the formation of phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP), the primary CO2 acceptor, and plays an important regulatory role in plant photosynthesis. Pyruvate orthophosphate dikinase (PPDK) catalyzes the reverse reaction of phosphoenolpyruvate, AMP, and Ppi to produce pyruvate, ATP, and Pi. Coupled with lactate dehydrogenase, it further catalyzes pyruvate and NADH to produce lactate and NAD+. Therefore, by detecting the decrease rate of NADH at 340nm, the enzyme activity of PPDK can be determined.