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α-Xylanase (EC 3.2.1.177) is a type of xylan degradation hydrolase enzyme found in plants, bacteria, and fungi, promoting the hydrolysis of non-reducing terminal α-D-xylose residues, releasing α-D-xylose. α-Xylanase catalyzes the production of p-nitrophenol (PNP) from p-nitrophenyl-α-D-xyloside, which has a characteristic absorption peak at 405nm. The enzyme activity can be calculated by measuring the increase in absorbance at 405nm.