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β-Xylosidase (EC3.2.1.37) is an important xylan degradation hydrolase enzyme that exists in bacteria and fungi, mainly catalyzing the cutting of xylobiose and oligo-xylose from the non-reducing end into xylose monomers. The product xylose can be used as a carbon source for microbial fermentation. Soil β-xylosidase catalyzes p-nitrophenyl-β-D-xylopyranoside to produce p-nitrophenol (PNP), which has a characteristic absorption peak at 405nm. By measuring the increase rate of light absorption at 405nm, the activity of soil β-xylosidase can be calculated.